Where is your focus ;Is it on acadamic development alone?

Where is your focus ;Is it on academic development alone? 

In a few weeks our kids are going to start a next academic year. Are you thinking about how to improve your kids academic performance ?In my perception ,we should give much attention not only in academic skills but  in their psychosocial development, moral development and cognitive development too. What is the change you are expecting from your kid from born stage onwards. In this post, I would like to share with you how kids are changing their attitude from born stage to adult stage.

We must become the change we want to see.” — Mahatma Gandhi

"Be not afraid of growing slowly; be afraid only of standing still".(Chinese Proverb)

Human created by plasticity mechanism. Our life start and end by 0.yes,We are starting our life from egg (o shape) and ending with nothing (we are taking 0 worth while dying ).But in between 0 to 0,we are reaching in to different set of values.Some are trillions ,some are billions, millions ,thousands and etcs.I am not mentioning those numbers in term of money but in terms of doing worthy things to others. Yes, No matter What you earned but matters is what you did to others  .Any way  this is not my topic today. Today my topic is plasticity that how human life is changing throughout our life physically, mentally , behaviourally,  emotionally ,socially and etc.

  1.Psychosocial Development
“Change and growth take place when a person has risked himself and dares to become involved with experimenting with his own life.”-Herbert Otto
                              Psychosocial means how we are facing the social conditions .There are 8 stages of psychosocial development . In Each stage ,we will face some conflicts and we must resolve the conflicts before moving to the next stage.If we are not resolving the conflicts of current stage ,then we migh struggle to resolve next stage conflicts. So successful completion of each developmental tasks results in a sense of competence and healthy personality.

stage1
From Born to 2 year
The baby see this world is safe through her mother when baby get good responsive mother. The responsive mother is putting   basic foundation of self esteem  in baby stage

stage2
At 2 years
After 2 years ,toddler will start to select their dress (not  in a big level of selection but they do).When we respect their feeling that means not granting all the time ,her self esteem will get increase.

stage 3
At age 3 to 6
Preschoolers will start to choose their own things like dress,food,games when interacting with others.They will start to put small small goals.

stage 4

At age 6 to 12
Kids Will start to compare with peers. They will  try to take pride in their work .They might feel inferior or superior  because of their situation.

stage 5
At age 12 to 19
Teens will start to get sense of Who I am.They will start to know What I want to be.

stage 6
At age 20 to 40
Once they sensed about themselves then they want to make relationship.When the one understands himself in a right way ,he  might maintain and make good relationship.The one who done; have good positive concept,they might suffer in human relation.

stage 7
At age 40 to 60
By using who I am or by their ability ,they will start contribute to others.For example,raising kids,supporting parents.

stage 8
At age 60 to end of life
Feeling sense of satisfaction what we did good by our  efficacy or sense of failure that mean They will think "i would have been"

stage	age	Developmental task	description
1	0 to 1	Trust vs mistrust	Trust (or mistrust) that basic needs, such as nourishment and affection, will be met
2	1 to 3	Autonomy vs. shame/doubt	Develop a sense of independence in many tasks
3	3 to 6	Initiative vs. guilt	Take initiative on some activities—may develop guilt when unsuccessful or boundaries overstepped
4	7 to 11	Industry vs Inferiority	self-confidence in abilities when competent or sense of inferiority when not
5	12 to 18	Identity vs. confusion	Experiment with and develop identity and roles
6	19 to 29	Intimacy vs. isolation	Establish intimacy and relationships with others
7	30 to 64	Generativity vs. stagnation	Contribute to society and be part of a family
8	65 to	Integrity vs. despair	Assess and make sense of life and meaning of contributions

Cognitive development

What we think, we become.” – Buddha
What ever the mind of man can conceive and believe, it can achieve.” — Napoleon Hill

As Buddha mentioned we can grow when we think about.When you change your negative thoughts into positive thoughts,then the result will be positive. When we change our  thoughts you can change the world.All  Cognition or thoughts are not only depends on  what we are learning  but it is according to our age, hormones ,genetics, surroundings too .For example adolescent thoughts are different than kids .In each stage,we will have change in our thoughts. Our  Thoughts is developing  from infancy stage to grave .You are today where your thoughts have brought you; you will be tomorrow where your thoughts take you
                                 
There are 4 stages of cognitive development from born baby to adult .

Stage1 Born Baby
New born baby don't have any thoughts.They will go to everyone even to the stranger too.
Month baby
 Generally some month ,they don't go to stranger.They will cry to show their fear when                 new people approach near to them.

Stage 2
At age  2 -6
They will start to play pretend game.They don't look for logic.They think everything in their perspective.

Stage 3
At age 7 to 11
They will start to understand logic not big logic.They will learn logic of multiplication,division,geometry .

stage 4
At age 12 to 25
They desperately search for logic.This period is very good in creative intelligence.They will show interest in solving problems,alternate .It is the stage creative blooming stage.

Stage 5
Adult stage
They too show their interest in problem solving but in different way not like adolescent age.They will solve problem in concern of  family ,work ,security .

Age	stage	Description	Developmental issues
0–2	Sensorimotor	World experienced through senses and actions	Object permanence Stranger anxiety
2–6	Preoperational Use	words and images to represent things, but lack logical reasoning	Pretend play Egocentrism Language development
7–11	Concrete operational	Understand concrete events and analogies logically; perform arithmetical operations	Conservation Mathematical transformation
12– 25	Formal operational	Formal operations Utilize abstract reasoning	abstract reasoning Abstract logic Moral reasoning

Moral development
 Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experience of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, ambition inspired, and success achieved.”
— Helen Keller (Political activist)

Knowledge will give you power, but character respect.”
— Bruce Lee

Yes,moral values   are important than knowledge.You don't gather knowledge means you are hurting yourself  but you don't have good moral value means you are hurting the people around you . According to age ,our moral values are keep changing. There are 6 stage of moral development. For example,Kids moral values are different than the adult stage.Lets go through moral development

Stage 1 -age 2 to 6
 In this stage kids really don't think about morality but they does good behaviour because of reinforcement.( reinforcement means punishment or rewards).eg.I will share toys otherwise mom will give time out.

Stage 2-Age 6 to 12
  In this stage kids start to understand the moral principle.That means they can  understand that sharing is caring and rewards too helps.
eg.If I share ,she could be my friend or If i don't share ,she will get hurt.

Stage 3 - Age  13 to 19
In adolescent stage,they will start to show their interpersonal skill.They will behave according to their own interpersonal character.Rewards and punishment doesn't work much.
eg.I like to help my friend because I am kind.

Stage 4  -Age 20 to 25
In this stage they will start to learn or follow principle because of authority and for social order.
eg.I need to share knowledge transition to work for a project .

stage 5-Age 25 to 40
In this stage people balance  between social order and individual rights.
eg. I will donate money to the  poor family in my society  as my society does but according to my wish.

Stage 6- Age 40 to untill death
They will look for universal truth.They will start to balance between internal moral principle and eternal moral principle.

stage	age	development
1	age 2 to 6	Obedience and punishment
2	age 6 to 12	Individual interest
3	age 13 to 19	Interpersonal
4	age 20 to  25	Authority
5	age 25 to 40	Social contract
6	age 40 to until death	Universal ethics

Questions to think as a parent

1.Are your kids struggling to resolve their stage conflicts in psychosocial development? click here
2.Are you giving enough attention in your kids moral,social development ?click here
3.How can you support them to move to solve their conflicts in their own stage?
4. Are you giving time and freedom to find their identity?click here
5.What are the persuasion methods you are following with your kids?click here

Note
Are you a parent of teenager, click here 
Are you a college student or in adult stage , click here


Reference
The book of Psychology ;Open stax college; Rice University